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Unintended effects of statins from observational studies in the general population: sys... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3998050 statin therapy statins myopathy cholesterol side effects diabetes liver liver enzymes
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • A markedly increased risk of myopathy was observed
  • One cohort study (Women’s Health Initiative) of higher quality and larger sample size found stronger evidence of an increased risk of self-reported T2DM (OR=1.47; 95% CI 1.32 to 1.64) for the groups of women who reported statin use at baseline and three years later
  • Hippisley-Cox et al. found an increased risk of liver enzyme changes
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • weak evidence of an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was observed
  • Smeeth et al. found an increased risk of incident liver disease in the first year after the index date
  • The cumulative incidence of T2DM after three years of statin treatment was 6.25%, corresponding to an excess risk of 2.25%
  • We found no increased risk of peripheral neuropathy, depression, common eye diseases, renal disorders or arthritis associated with taking statins. Studies of higher quality did not show previously reported protective effects of statins on fractures, venous thrombo-embolism or pneumonia
  • There was evidence of an increase in myopathy, raised liver enzymes and diabetes.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Mar 15
     
    Statin use associated with increased myopathy, liver dysfunction, and type II Diabetes.  The authors conclude that the absolute risk is very low, yet OR was 1.47 for type II Diabetes (translated 47% increased odds of developing Diabetes as a result of statins) and OR of 2.63 in risk of myopathy (translated 163% increased odds of developing myopathy as a result of statins).  Seems the authors "low risk" statement is just applies to those without symptoms/side effects.  Physicians need to do a better job of understanding risks and customizing therapies.
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Coffee and cancer risk: a summary overview - 0 views

insights.ovid.com/pubmed coffee cancer
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 18
     
    2017 meta-analysis finds no increase relative risk (RR) of cancer with coffee consumption.  First, this must consider all the "other" junk put in coffee these days.  Second, and most important, this study looked at RR which tells us nothing about risk.  Studies like this don't do much more than confuse the general public, doctors, and judges--recent judge ruling in California that coffee needs a carcinogenic lable.  Third, epigenetis will tell us about individual risk.  I am growing more concerned that the majority of studies published today are merely statistical dances to ensure publication.  Is it good that no RR was found? yes, does that give any indication of absolute risk?  No.  Take home: enjoy your morning cup of joe as nature prescribed--no additives.
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Tips for learners of evidence-based medicine: 1. Relative risk reduction, absolute risk... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC509050 statistics absolute risk relative risk
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 May 16
     
    Statistics
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Taylor & Francis Online :: Effects of Dietary Apigenin on Tumor Latency, Incidence and ... - 0 views

www.tandfonline.com/...01635581.2013.833637 breast cancer progestin apigenin medroxyprogesterone acetate
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 26 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 26 Nov 13
     
    There is absolutely no reason for women to take medroxyprogesterone acetate.  Whether the author realizes it or not, he states a truth that progestin is a "trigger" in carcinogenesis of the breast.  This study was designed to look at high dose apigenin, which the study found increased risk.
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Relative risk, relative and absolute risk reduction, number needed to treat and confide... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...NBK63647 statistics
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Nov 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Nov 13
     
    good discussion of some of the common statistical methods used today in research.
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The Contribution of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy to 5-year Survival in Adult Malignancies | C... - 0 views

www.scribd.com/...Survival-in-Adult-Malignancies chemotherapy cancer
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 May 18 - No Cached
  • In this group, the 5-year survivalrateduesolelytocytotoxicchemotherapywas14%
  • There is also no convincing evidence that usingregimens with newer and more expensive drugs are anymore beneficial than the regimens used in the 1970s
  • two systematic reviews of chemotherapy inrecurrent or metastatic breast cancer have not been able toshow any survival benefit
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • The five most common adult malignancies (colorectal, breast, prostate, melanoma and lung cancer)
  • n breast cancer, the optimal regimen(s) for cytotoxicchemotherapy in recurrent/metastatic disease are still notdefined, despite over 30 years of ‘research’ and a plethora of RCTs since the original Cooper regimen was published in1969
  • The five most ‘chemo-sensitive’ cancers,namely testis, Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lym- phoma, cervix and ovary
  • only 13 out of the 22 malignancies evaluated showed any improvement in 5-year survival, and theimprovement was greater than 10% in only three of those13 malignancies
  • the contribution of curative and adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy to 5-year survival in adults is 2.3% in Australia and 2.1% in the USA
  • a benefit of less than 2.5% is likely to be applicable in other developed countries
  •   Overview The Contribution o
  • the benefit of cytotoxic chemotherapy may have been overestimated for cancers of oesophagus, stomach,rectum and brain.
  • this reflects the presentation of results as a ‘reduction in risk’ rather than asan absolute survival benefit[89,90]and by exaggerating theresponse rates by including ‘stable disease’
  • recent studies have documented impaired cognitive function inwomen receiving adjuvant treatment for breast cancer
  • the 5-year survival rate due solely to cytotoxicchemotherapy was 1.6%
  • the value of palliative chemotherapy has beenquestioned
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 May 18
     
    Incredibly low impact of cytotoxic chemotherapy despite its wide spread utilization.  This article referenced cost yet did not evaluate the cost of cytotoxic side effect.  The question to answer: is Cytotoxic chemotherapy a valid treatment, at all, for the majority of cancers.
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